Ambrose Chua (7) 2A2

Iron(III) oxide

Formula: Fe+O2 --> Fe2O3

Chemical Bonding: electro-chemical reactions

Iron(III) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Fe2O3 oxygen forms chemical bonds with almost all other elements at elevated temperatures to give corresponding oxides. However, some elements readily form oxides at standard conditions for temperature and pressure; the rusting of iron is an example. The surface of metals like aluminium and titanium are oxidized in the presence of air and become coated with a thin film of oxide that passivates the metal and slows further corrosion.

Chemical reaction between iron and oxygen, which is given by the formula 4Fe + 3O2 = 2Fe2O3. This formula shows that when iron is found in the presence of oxygen, the two chemicals join together to form a new compound. This reaction is called an oxidation/reduction reaction and represents the other (along with acid/base reactions) most common type of chemical reaction. In an acid / base reaction, a proton (H+) gets transferred from one substance to another. In an oxidation/reduction reaction electrons get transferred from one substance to another. In this reaction iron transfers some of its electrons to oxygen. The iron atom becomes an Fe+3 ion and oxygen becomes an 0-2 ion, which quickly joins with an H+ ion to form water. These two elements combine to form iron oxide, or rust.

During the corrosion process, iron does not seem to react with air at all. Water is necessary for the oxidation reaction to occur, to facilitate transport of the electrons.

When iron exceeds the required amount, it is stored in the liver of the human body. The bone marrow contains high amounts of iron, because it produces haemoglobin.

Iron deficits lead to anaemia, causing tiredness, headaches and loss of concentration. The immune system is also affected. In young children this negatively affects mental development, leads to irritability, and causes concentration disorder. Young children, pregnant women and women in their period are often treated with iron (II) salts upon iron deficits.

When high concentrations of iron are absorbed, for example by haemochromatose patients, iron is stored in the pancreas, the liver, the spleen and the heart. This may damage these vital organs. Healthy people are generally not affected by iron overdose, which is also generally rare.

Iron compounds may have a more serious effect upon health than the relatively harmless element itself. A number of iron chelates may be toxic, and the nerve toxin iron penta carbonyl is known for its strong toxic mechanism. Iron dust may cause lung disease.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100224160556AASHTCr

http://www.blurtit.com/q857020.html

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_chemical_reaction_occurs_when_iron_rusts

http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/water/iron/iron-and-water.htm

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080423163341AA0CB5c

Terms and Regulations.

1. The use of profanities is unallowed on this blog.
2. No defaming of other classmates or teachers or principal or cat or dog or frog or whatsoever.
3. No posting of promiscuous images, videos, animations that contain dragons or materials unsuitable for young adults like us.
4. No irrelevent stuff. (refer to image 1.0 for example)
5.Its best to change our names into 2A2XX(XX refers to your register no.) to allow Ms Nada to browse through our work easily.
7. No discrimination of other races or religion.
6. If any posting is to be found unsuitable will be deleted after the consent from the teacher.

Chemical bonding by Tan Ye Kai 32

The harmful compound made out of 2 or more non-harmful compounds that I have decided write on is carbon monoxide. This involves covalent bonding.

Its constituent elements

Carbon Monoxide is made out of 1 carbon atom and 1 oxygen atom. Carbon Monoxide is produced from the partial oxidation of carbon-containing compounds and forms when there is not enough oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, such as when operating a stove or an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space.

Formation

A carbon atom has 4 valence electrons, with a complete 1st shell. An oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons, with a complete 1st shell. As both atoms do not have sufficient strength to completely remove the other atom’s electrons, the atoms share electrons. When the carbon atom shares its electrons with the oxygen atom, the electrons on both atoms complete each of the outer shells of both atoms. As a result, both the carbon and oxygen atoms complete the configuration of a noble gas.

The “dot and cross” diagram of carbon monoxide-

Task for Science Online Lesson

Nitrogen + Oxygen -> Nitrogen Dioxide

N₂ (g) + O₂ (g) -> 2NO₂(g)

The harmful compound that I had identified is Nitrogen Dioxide. Covalence bonding is involved.

At 150 °C, NO₂ decomposes with release of oxygen via an endothermic process. Oxygen and Nitrogen are very harmless. We breathe in Oxygen every second to carry out respiration. Nitrogen is used to make fertilizer, ammonia, nitric acid etc. However, when oxygen combines with Nitrogen, a harmful compound is made. Both of the elements form Nitrogen Dioxide.

Nitrogen Dioxide can be produced most commonly in these two ways. Firstly, in a car engine or a factory where the temperatures are very high, the nitrogen combines with the oxygen in the air to form Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂). Nitrogen Dioxide is also called Nitric Oxide.

Secondly, during a thunderstorm, the heat released by lightning causes nitrogen and oxygen in the air to react, to form oxides like nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide.

Nitrogen Dioxide is harmful it can cause irritation to the eyes and can cause breathing difficulties by irritating the lungs.

Nitrogen Dioxide will also form acid rain which will destroy building, aquatic life and plants.

Below is the dot and cross diagram that I had done.